Soil Tillage and Crop Growth Effects on Surface and Subsurface Runoff, Loss of Soil, Phosphorus and Nitrogen in a Cold Climate

Most studies on the effects of tillage operations documented losses through surface runoff. On flat areas, subsurface runoff is dominating pathway for water, soil and nutrients. This study presents results from a five-year plot area measuring losses. The treatments compared were (A) autumn ploughing with oats, (B) winter wheat (C) spring barley (n = 3). showed that was main source (67%), total phosphorus (76%), dissolved reactive (75%) nitrogen (89%) Through pathway, lowest occurred ploughed plots. Losses also lower to ploughing. Total higher other treatments. more influenced by than surplus in production. Single extreme weather events, like summer drought 2018 high precipitation October 2014 crucial annual nutrient Considering events agricultural management necessary prerequisite successful mitigation future.